A content analysis of research published in the Journal of Research in Science Teaching from 1985 through 1989     

Phillip B. Horton  Andrew A. McConney  Amanda L. Woods  Kevin Barry  Homer L. Krout  Barbara K. Doyle 《科学教学研究杂志》1993,30(8):857-869

To determine if actual practice was consistent with commonly recommended research methods and procedures, this study examined 130 studies reported over a 5-year period in three volumes of the Journal of Research in Science Teaching (JRST). The results were consistent with similar previous analyses (Shaver & Norton, 1980a, 1980b; Wallen & Fraenkel, 1988a) and indicate that appropriate generalizations beyond the confines of the reported studies may be impossible for most (64%) of the JRST studies surveyed. The findings also show that replication studies, which could be employed to offset deficiencies in generalizability, were not commonly encountered (3%) in these 130 reports. In addition, the study results indicate that many researchers (48%) do not properly restrict their conclusions based on the limits imposed by the accessible populations and samples used; nor do they typically provide possible alternative explanations for the outcomes obtained (76%). These findings prompt the following recommendations: 1. A greater awareness and use of replication as a check on generalizability should be encouraged by the science education community. 2. Clearly defined populations (target and accessible) and fully described samples warrant increased attention as report components from authors, reviewers, and editorial board members of JRST. 3. In light of the difficulties inherent in effecting random selection in educational settings, a greater emphasis should be placed on recognizing the limits that the underlying assumptions of inferential statistics place on research conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the methodological quality of published science education research should remain a concern for both practitioners and readers.  相似文献   

Frequency shift type hearing aid and an utterance trainer     

K Minami  K Katsurayama 《American annals of the deaf》1968,113(2):307-310

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Development of gender constancy and selective attention to same-sex models.   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

R G Slaby  K S Frey 《Child development》1975,46(4):849-856

4 developmental levels of gender constancy were identified in 55 preschool-age children on the basis of a reproducible Guttman scale of answers to sets of questions pertaining to gender identity, gender stability over time, and gender consistency across situations. Children's developmental level of gender constancy was predictive of the amount and the proportion of time they attended to an adult male and an adult female film model. As boys developed gender constancy, their relative preference for watching the male model increased significantly; as girls developed gender constancy, their relative preference for watching the female model increased, though not significantly. At the more advanced levels of gender constancy, boys watched the male model more than did girls. It was suggested that same-sex social learning may develop as a function of children's cognitive understanding of gender as an identifiable, stable and consistent human attribute.  相似文献   

Collaborative action research in early mathematics education     

K. J. Tait  G. M. Boulton-Lewis 《The Australian Educational Researcher》1993,20(1):65-75

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The dwarf     

S K Ghoshal 《Resonance》1996,1(7):75-75

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Correction to: Cultural divides in acceptance and continuance of learning management system use: a longitudinal study of teenagers     

Cheng  Miaoting  Yuen  Allan H. K. 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2019,67(5):1351-1351

Educational technology research and development - In the abstract, the second “FG” in the sentence below should be “SG”: The sample was classified into three cultural...  相似文献   

Herrnstein’s equation for the rates of responding during concurrent schedules     

Frances K. McSweeney  Cam L. Melville  J. E. Whipple 《Learning & behavior》1983,11(3):275-289

A modification of the nonlinear curve-fitting procedure proposed by Wetherington and Lucas (1980) was used to assess how well Herrnstein’s (1970) equation for the rates of responding during concurrent schedules described performance. The equation fitted some results very well, accounting for 80% or more of the variance in the data in studies that used moderate-duration changeover delays and provided the same positive reinforcers, operanda, and simple schedules in the two components. The equation fitted the data poorly in other studies. The k parameter changed with several variables; it was not as constant as Herrnstein (1974) suggested. R₀ did not fit Herrnstein’s interpretation as reinforcement from unprogrammed sources. Forty percent of all values of R₀ were negative, and another 23% were unreasonably large (greater than 50 reinforcers/h). The data suggest that Herrnstein’s equation is not a general theory of concurrent-schedule responding, and that Herrnstein’s interpretation of k and R₀ should be modified.  相似文献   

Contextualising Vocational Knowledge: A Theoretical Framework and Illustrations From Culinary Education     

W. T. Heusdens  A. Bakker  L. K. J. Baartman  E. De Bruijn 《Vocations and Learning》2016,9(2):151-165

The nature of knowledge in vocational education is often described in dichotomies such as theory versus practice or general versus specific. Although different scholars now acknowledge that vocational knowledge is more than putting bits of theoretical and practical knowledge together, it is still unclear how vocational knowledge should be theorised instead. In this article we theorise the idea of contextualising vocational knowledge to understand the nature of vocational knowledge and illustrate this process of contextualising with empirical examples from culinary education. We adopt an activity-theoretical focus on contextualising that involves both particularising and providing coherence. We posit a cognitive process of meaning making where meaning derives from seeing the relationships of parts to the whole. The aspects of the nature of coherence and the relation between concepts and actions seem rather underdeveloped in vocational education theory. To characterise this process at a micro-level, we enhance the activity-theory approach with an inferentialist one. Inferentialism offers a way to focus on reasons and inferential relations between concepts and actions that provides coherence in vocational knowledge. To characterise the broad spectrum of processes relevant for vocational knowledge, we propose the terms “conceptualising” and “concretising”. Conceptualising involves inferring what follows from understanding a concept in a particular situation in relation to the meaning of other concepts. Concretising involves inferring what follows from understanding an aspect of the occupational practice in which students are participating. We argue that this way of framing vocational knowledge helps to better understand its nature and development.  相似文献   

Modeling undergraduate STEM students’ satisfaction with their programs in China: an empirical study     

Zhuang  Tengteng  Cheung  Alan C. K.  Tam  Winnie 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2020,21(2):211-225

Asia Pacific Education Review - Several major reform areas attempted by ‘New Engineering Education’ (NEE), China’s most recent engineering education reform initiative at...  相似文献   

Teaching Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act (PDSA) in a Supply Chain Context: A Paper Football In‐Class Activity     

Rebekah Inez Brau  John W. Gardner  G. Scott Webb  Jason K. McDonald 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2019,17(1):6-32

We develop a single‐class period learning game for the Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act (PDSA) improvement cycle. The experiential activity walks teams through the PDSA problem‐solving process as they create paper American footballs and improve their performance using each step of the cycle. The game is one of the first to focus on PDSA. Key benefits include increased student attention, engagement, and learning. Empirical tests show that participant pre‐ and post‐test scores regarding their understanding of each phase of PDSA improved 21.2% after completing the game. Additionally, the treatment group performed 16.6% higher than the control group. In participant perception questions, 85% of participants felt the game was more effective than lecture or reading, 93% felt the game was fun, 95% felt the game improved their understanding of PDSA, and 98% felt the game was engaging.  相似文献